Concepts

This page covers notes and concepts which do not merit their own pages, because I am lazy.

Atomic mass unit --> grams

 * 1u = 1/NAg = 1/1000NAkg

Electron-volts to Joules

 * 1eV = 1.602 x10-19 x j

Newton's Laws

 * An object will remain at rest or in constant motion unless acted upon by an external force
 * F = ma
 * All actions have an equal and opposite reaction.

Laws of Thermodynamics

 * Two bodies in thermodynamic equilibrium with a third body are in equilibrium themselves
 * Energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system
 * Entropy in an isolated system constantly increases
 * Entropy approaches a constant as temperature approaches 0.

Pauli Exclusion Principle

 * The Pauli Exclusion Principle states that no two particles can occupy the same set of quantum numbers in a given system. This is most commonly seen in chemistry, when considering the states of electrons in an atom (this is why there can only be two atoms per subshell!). Fermions obey this rule, whilst bosons do not.

Conversions

 * The electron volt, eV is found by E(j) = E(ev) x 1.6x10-19.
 * g is sometimes used as a measure of acceleration; it has a value of 9.81ms-1.

Symbols
∝ (proportion) ± (plusminus) √(root) ∫(integral) ∞(infinity) ∂(roe) α(alpha) β(beta) γ(gamma) ∆δ(deltas) π(pi) θ(theta)